Summary: Climates

Places with Equatorial climates are the ones that are 5°either side of the Equator. Some examples are the zones where the Amazon (in South America) and Congo (Africa) are located. This climate is characterised by it high and constant temperatures all throughout the year and their high annual rainfall exceeds of 2000mm. This climate is also characterised by its light and variable winds.
   Tropical continental climates are located mainly between latitudes 5° and 15° north and south of the equator. This climate has wet and dry seasons, wick are caused by the movement of the overhead sun. The temperature rises when the sun takes a vertical position. Meanwhile in the other hemisphere temperatures fall when the clouds cover the sun and consequently rainfall increases. Unfortunately, in this climate the rainy season and the total amount of rain are unreliable.
   Hot deserts are located between 5° and 30° north and south the equator. These deserts high temperatures happen when the sun is overhead, but low temperatures happen when it's in the opposite hemisphere. The amount of rain in this climate is very poor; it's less than 250 mm per year, this is because the prevailing winds and the Equator convection currents.
   Cold climates are found in the poleward in latitude 60N in Eurasia, where it extends from Scandinavia across Russia to the Pacific. Winters are very long, dark and extremely cold. Summers are short but relatively warm for their latitude and precipitation in this climate is light throughout the year because the air is too cold.
   The monsoon, the word monsoon means season. There are two monsoons, the south west monsoon and the north East monsoon. In the south west monsoon the sun appears to be overhead at the tropic of cancer in June. As the temperature increase there is more evapotranspiration so the pressure becomes low. Due to these factors there is extreme rainfall. For example Mumbai gives over 2000mm of rainfall in 5 months. The north east monsoon is during the northern winter. The overhead sun moves southwards. Because of this the temperatures are cold and the pressure is high. However there are low amounts of rain (45mm approximately).